الفهرس 
Acknowledgement
Diabetes MellitusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 16 |  |  |
| | | from | 16 | | |
Abstract
chronic kidney disease is a serious condition associated with premature mortality, decreased quality of life. Early identification of chronic kidney disease is needed to prevent disease progression and reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. chronic kidney disease is induced by many risk factors and it is imperative to identify modifiable risk factors to develop strategies to slow CKD progression.
This study aims to:
3- Determine frequency of risk factors for chronic kidney disease in predialysis patients in Assiut Governorate.
4- Detect correlation between the number of risk factors of chronic kidney disease and the glomerular filteration rate.
This study was conducted on 50 patients with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis.
Every patient was subjected to:
Full history taking with special stress on:
- Hypertension
- Diabetes mellitus
- Nephrotoxic drugs (especially NSAIDs)
- Renal stones
- Urinary tract infection
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Hyperuricaemia
Complete clinical examination and BMI was calculated for every patient.
Investigations:
- Serum creatinine with estimating GFR
- 2 hrs postprandial blood glucose
- Urine analysis
- Serum albumin
- Uric acid
- CBC
- ECG
- KUB (kidney, ureters, bladder) x ray
- Renal ultrasonography
Results:
Results showed that aging, diabetes and hypertension are the common risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of aging is as high as 34.0% and prevalence of diabetes and hypertension is 28.0% and 24.0% respectively.
Other risk factors arranged according to their prevalence like that: renal stones18.0%, urinary tract infections 16.0%, obesity 14.0%, hyperuricaemia 8.0%, polycyctic kidney 8.0%, drugs 6.0% and cardiac diseases 4.0%.
Study showed that there is significant correlation between the number of risk factors of chronic kidney disease and the severity of the disease. Prevalence of patients with one risk factor is 62.5% stage III and 37.5% stage IV, prevalence of patients with multiple risk factors is 0.0% stage III and 100% stage IV. All the patients with multiple risk factors had more deteriorated kidney function with lower GFR.